Maths

Patterns

Class 2

🎯 Learning Objectives

Understand what a repeating pattern is.
Identify and extend patterns made with shapes, colours, and numbers.
Find the rule (core) of a pattern.
Create your own simple repeating patterns.
Recognise growing patterns (increasing/decreasing).
Spot patterns in daily life.

📖 Let Us Begin!

Look at a saree border or a rangoli design. You will see the same design repeating again and again. That is a pattern! Patterns are all around us — in nature (petals of a flower), in art (mehndi designs), and in numbers. When something repeats in the same order, it makes a pattern. Let us learn to find, extend, and create patterns.

Different types of patterns - shapes, colours, and numbers

What is a Pattern?

A pattern is something that repeats in the same order. The part that repeats is called the core of the pattern.

Example: 🔴🔵🔴🔵🔴🔵 — The core is "Red, Blue". It repeats 3 times.
Example: Clap, Clap, Stomp, Clap, Clap, Stomp — The core is "Clap, Clap, Stomp".

Shape Patterns

In a shape pattern, shapes repeat in the same order.

Example 1: ○ □ ○ □ ○ □ ... → Core: Circle, Square. Next: Circle
Example 2: △ △ ○ △ △ ○ △ △ ... → Core: Triangle, Triangle, Circle. Next: Circle
Example 3: □ △ ○ □ △ ○ □ ... → Core: Square, Triangle, Circle. Next: Triangle, Circle

Tip: To find the core, look for the part that keeps repeating. Cover it with your finger and see if the rest matches!

Colour Patterns

In a colour pattern, colours repeat in the same order.

Example 1: Red, Blue, Red, Blue, Red, Blue → Core: Red, Blue
Example 2: Green, Green, Yellow, Green, Green, Yellow → Core: Green, Green, Yellow
Example 3: Orange, White, Green, Orange, White, Green → Core: Orange, White, Green (like our flag! 🇮🇳)

Number Patterns

In a number pattern, numbers change by the same amount each time. This is called the rule.

Example 1: 2, 4, 6, 8, 10, 12 → Rule: Add 2 each time
Example 2: 5, 10, 15, 20, 25 → Rule: Add 5 each time
Example 3: 1, 3, 5, 7, 9, 11 → Rule: Add 2 each time (odd numbers!)
Example 4: 10, 20, 30, 40, 50 → Rule: Add 10 each time
Example 5: 3, 6, 9, 12, 15 → Rule: Add 3 each time

Growing and Shrinking Patterns

Growing pattern: 1, 2, 4, 7, 11 → The amount added increases: +1, +2, +3, +4
Shrinking pattern: 20, 18, 16, 14, 12 → Rule: Subtract 2 each time
Real life: Meena saves ₹5 more each week: Week 1 = ₹5, Week 2 = ₹10, Week 3 = ₹15...

Patterns in Daily Life

Rangoli: Designs repeat in beautiful patterns during Diwali.
Music: Dhol beats follow a pattern — dhum, dhum, ta, dhum, dhum, ta...
Nature: Day, Night, Day, Night — a pattern that never stops!
Saree border: The same design repeats along the edge.
Cricket: Over pattern — 6 balls, then change ends. Repeat!

📝 Key Words

Word	Meaning
Pattern	Something that repeats in the same order
Repeating	Happening again and again in the same way
Rule	The way numbers change in a pattern (e.g., add 2)
Core	The part of the pattern that repeats
Extend	To continue a pattern by adding more
Growing pattern	A pattern where numbers get bigger

⭐ Key Points to Remember

A pattern repeats in the same order.
The "core" is the part that keeps repeating.
Patterns can be made with shapes, colours, or numbers.
To extend a pattern, find the rule and keep going.
Number patterns often add or subtract the same number each time.
Patterns are everywhere — in rangoli, music, nature, and cricket!

Finished learning? Now test what you know!

🎯 Quick Quiz — Test Yourself!

Answer these questions right here. You get instant feedback — no paper needed!

Score: 0 / 8

1. What comes next: 🔴 🔵 🔴 🔵 ___?

The pattern is red, blue, red, blue — so red comes next.

2. What comes next: 2, 4, 6, 8, ___?

The pattern adds 2 each time: 8 + 2 = 10.

3. What comes next: A, B, A, B, A, ___?

The pattern is A, B repeating — after A comes B.

4. What comes next: 5, 10, 15, 20, ___?

The pattern adds 5: 20 + 5 = 25.

5. What comes next: 3, 6, 9, ___?

The pattern adds 3: 9 + 3 = 12.

6. What comes next: 1, 3, 5, 7, ___? (odd numbers)

Odd numbers go up by 2: 7 + 2 = 9.

7. What comes next: 10, 20, ___?

The pattern adds 10: 20 + 10 = 30.

8. What comes next: 2, 4, 6, ___?

The pattern adds 2: 6 + 2 = 8.

✏️ Practice Questions

A. Fill in the Blanks (10)

1. Circle, Square, Circle, Square, , Square.

2. 2, 4, 6, 8, , 12.

3. 5, 10, 15, , 25.

4. Triangle, Circle, Triangle, Circle, Triangle, .

5. 1, 3, 5, 7, , 11.

6. Red, Blue, Green, Red, Blue, .

7. 10, 20, 30, , 50.

8. 3, 6, 9, 12, , 18.

9. The part of a pattern that repeats is called the .

10. 20, 18, 16, 14, . (Rule: subtract )

B. Choose the Correct Answer (MCQ - 5)

1. What comes next? A, B, A, B, A, ___

a) Ab) Bc) C

2. What is the rule for: 10, 20, 30, 40?

a) Add 5b) Add 10c) Add 2

3. What comes next? 3, 6, 9, 12, ___

a) 13b) 14c) 15

4. What is the core of: ○ □ △ ○ □ △ ○ □ △?

a) ○ □b) ○ □ △c) □ △

5. What comes next? 15, 13, 11, 9, ___

a) 8b) 7c) 6

C. Short Answer (5)

1. Write the rule for this pattern: 5, 10, 15, 20, 25.

2. Create your own shape pattern using two shapes. Write it out (at least 8 items).

3. Extend this pattern by 3 more: 4, 8, 12, 16, ___, ___, ___.

4. What is the core of this pattern: Red, Green, Red, Green, Red, Green?

5. Give one example of a pattern you see in daily life.

D. True or False (5)

1. A pattern always repeats in the same order.

2. 2, 5, 8, 11 is a pattern with rule "add 2".

3. The core of Red, Blue, Red, Blue is "Red, Blue".

4. Number patterns can only go up (increase).

5. A rangoli design has patterns.

E. Match the Following (5)

Pattern	Rule
1. 2, 4, 6, 8, 10	a) Add 5
2. 5, 10, 15, 20	b) Add 3
3. 3, 6, 9, 12	c) Add 2
4. 10, 20, 30, 40	d) Subtract 2
5. 20, 18, 16, 14	e) Add 10

🎨 Activity: Make Your Own Pattern

Use beads, buttons, or draw shapes on paper. Make a repeating pattern using at least 3 different things (e.g., star, heart, circle). Show your pattern to a friend and ask them to find the core and extend it by 4 more. Then make a number pattern starting from any number!

Want to review the lesson again?

Mathematics

Patterns

Class 2 | CBSE / NCERT / ICSE

Name: Class: Date:

Learning Objectives

Understand what a repeating pattern is.
Identify and extend patterns (shapes, colours, numbers).
Find the rule (core) of a pattern.
Create your own patterns and recognise growing/shrinking patterns.

Let Us Begin!

Look at a saree border or a rangoli design. The same design repeats again and again. That is a pattern! Patterns are everywhere — in nature, art, and numbers. When something repeats in the same order, it makes a pattern. The part that repeats is called the core.

Shape Patterns

Example 1: ○ □ ○ □ ○ □ → Core: Circle, Square. Next: Circle
Example 2: △ △ ○ △ △ ○ → Core: Triangle, Triangle, Circle. Next: Triangle
Example 3: □ △ ○ □ △ ○ → Core: Square, Triangle, Circle. Next: Square

Colour Patterns

Example 1: Red, Blue, Red, Blue → Core: Red, Blue
Example 2: Orange, White, Green, Orange, White, Green → Core: Orange, White, Green (like our flag! 🇮🇳)

Number Patterns

Add 2: 2, 4, 6, 8, 10, 12 Add 5: 5, 10, 15, 20, 25
Add 3: 3, 6, 9, 12, 15, 18 Add 10: 10, 20, 30, 40, 50
Subtract 2: 20, 18, 16, 14, 12 (shrinking pattern)

Patterns in Daily Life

Rangoli designs, saree borders, mehndi, music beats (dhum, dhum, ta...), Day-Night cycle, cricket overs (6 balls, change ends)

⭐ Key Points to Remember

A pattern repeats in the same order.
The "core" is the repeating part.
Patterns can use shapes, colours, or numbers.
To extend: find the rule and keep going.
Number patterns add or subtract the same number each time.
Patterns are in rangoli, music, nature, and cricket!

A. Fill in the Blanks (10)

1. Circle, Square, Circle, Square, , Square.

2. 2, 4, 6, 8, , 12.

3. 5, 10, 15, , 25.

4. Triangle, Circle, Triangle, Circle, Triangle, .

5. 1, 3, 5, 7, , 11.

6. Red, Blue, Green, Red, Blue, .

7. 10, 20, 30, , 50.

8. 3, 6, 9, 12, , 18.

9. The part of a pattern that repeats is called the .

10. 20, 18, 16, 14, . (Rule: subtract )

B. Choose the Correct Answer (MCQ - 5)

1. What comes next? A, B, A, B, A, ___

a) Ab) Bc) C

2. What is the rule for: 10, 20, 30, 40?

a) Add 5b) Add 10c) Add 2

3. What comes next? 3, 6, 9, 12, ___

a) 13b) 14c) 15

4. What is the core of: ○ □ △ ○ □ △ ○ □ △?

a) ○ □b) ○ □ △c) □ △

5. What comes next? 15, 13, 11, 9, ___

a) 8b) 7c) 6

C. Short Answer (5)

1. Write the rule for: 5, 10, 15, 20, 25.

2. Create your own shape pattern using two shapes (at least 8 items).

3. Extend: 4, 8, 12, 16, ___, ___, ___.

4. What is the core of: Red, Green, Red, Green, Red, Green?

5. Give one example of a pattern you see in daily life.

D. True or False (5)

1. A pattern always repeats in the same order.

2. 2, 5, 8, 11 is a pattern with rule "add 2".

3. The core of Red, Blue, Red, Blue is "Red, Blue".

4. Number patterns can only go up (increase).

5. A rangoli design has patterns.

E. Match the Following (5)

Pattern	Rule
1. 2, 4, 6, 8, 10	a) Add 5
2. 5, 10, 15, 20	b) Add 3
3. 3, 6, 9, 12	c) Add 2
4. 10, 20, 30, 40	d) Subtract 2
5. 20, 18, 16, 14	e) Add 10

Activity: Make Your Own Pattern

Use letters A, B, C to make a repeating pattern (at least 12 items):

Make a number pattern. Start at 4 and add 3 each time. Write the first 8 numbers:

What is the rule of your number pattern?

Make a shrinking pattern. Start at 30 and subtract 5:

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