Class 3 - Maths - Division

Learning Objectives

Understand division as sharing equally among groups.
Understand division as making equal groups from a collection.
Learn simple division facts using tables up to 10.
Know that division is the opposite of multiplication.

Let Us Begin!

Aman has 12 sweets. He wants to share them equally among his 3 friends. How many sweets will each friend get?

We give 1 sweet to each friend, then another, and another... until all sweets are given out.

Each friend gets 4 sweets. We write this as: 12 / 3 = 4.

This is called division. Division means sharing equally or making equal groups.

Understanding Division

What does the "/" sign mean?

The sign "/" (or the symbol ÷) means "divided by". It tells us to share or split a number into equal parts.

12 ÷ 4 means "12 shared equally into 4 groups".

Think about it: If your mother makes 20 rotis and there are 5 people in your family, how many rotis does each person get? 20 ÷ 5 = 4!

Two Ways to Think About Division

1. Sharing Equally: You have 15 marbles and 5 friends. Give each friend the same number. 15 ÷ 5 = 3 marbles each.

2. Making Equal Groups: You have 18 bananas. You put 6 bananas in each basket. How many baskets? 18 ÷ 6 = 3 baskets.

Parts of a Division Sum

In 20 ÷ 5 = 4:

20 is the dividend (the number being divided).
5 is the divisor (the number we divide by).
4 is the quotient (the answer).

Division is the Opposite of Multiplication

If 4 x 5 = 20, then 20 ÷ 5 = 4 and 20 ÷ 4 = 5.

Knowing your multiplication tables helps you divide quickly!

Multiplication Fact	Division Fact 1	Division Fact 2
3 x 4 = 12	12 ÷ 3 = 4	12 ÷ 4 = 3
5 x 6 = 30	30 ÷ 5 = 6	30 ÷ 6 = 5
7 x 2 = 14	14 ÷ 7 = 2	14 ÷ 2 = 7
8 x 3 = 24	24 ÷ 8 = 3	24 ÷ 3 = 8

Key Words and Meanings

Word	Meaning
Divide	To share equally or split into equal groups
Dividend	The number that is being divided
Divisor	The number we divide by
Quotient	The answer we get after dividing
Equal groups	Groups that have the same number of things

Examples

Example 1: Sharing Equally

Priya has 18 flowers. She puts them equally into 3 vases. How many flowers in each vase?

18 ÷ 3 = 6 flowers in each vase.

Example 2: Making Equal Groups

A teacher has 30 notebooks. She gives 5 notebooks to each student. How many students get notebooks?

30 ÷ 5 = 6 students.

Example 3: Using Multiplication to Divide

What is 36 ÷ 9?

Think: 9 x ? = 36. We know 9 x 4 = 36. So, 36 ÷ 9 = 4.

Key Points to Remember

Division means sharing equally or making equal groups.
The number being divided is the dividend. The number we divide by is the divisor. The answer is the quotient.
Division is the opposite of multiplication.
Any number divided by 1 gives the number itself: 8 ÷ 1 = 8.
Any number divided by itself gives 1: 6 ÷ 6 = 1.
Use multiplication tables to find division answers quickly.

Practice Questions

A. Fill in the Blanks

15 ÷ 3 =
24 ÷ 6 =
Division means sharing into groups.
In 28 ÷ 7 = 4, the quotient is .
If 6 x 5 = 30, then 30 ÷ 6 = .

B. Multiple Choice Questions

What is 40 ÷ 8?
(a) 4(b) 5(c) 6(d) 8
Division is the opposite of:
(a) Addition(b) Subtraction(c) Multiplication(d) Counting
18 ÷ 1 = ?
(a) 1(b) 0(c) 18(d) 9

C. Write the Division Fact

5 x 7 = 35, so 35 ÷ 7 = and 35 ÷ 5 =
4 x 9 = 36, so 36 ÷ 9 = and 36 ÷ 4 =

D. Word Problems

Rohan has 21 toffees. He shares them equally among 7 friends. How many toffees does each friend get?
A shopkeeper has 45 mangoes. He puts 9 mangoes in each bag. How many bags does he need?

Think and Do -- Fun Activity

Share and Count: Take 20 small objects (seeds, buttons, or stones). Try sharing them equally into groups of 2, 4, 5, and 10. Write the division sentence for each.

Example: 20 objects into groups of 2 = 20 ÷ 2 = 10 groups.

1. Groups of 4: ___________________________________

2. Groups of 5: ___________________________________

3. Groups of 10: __________________________________

Can you share 20 equally into groups of 3? Why or why not?

_______________________________________________

Mathematics -- Class 3

Mathematics -- Class 3 (continued)